Memory formation becomes more effective with longer inter-stimulus intervals between training sessions because of decreasing temporal overlap between successive, short-lived learning traces.

Perhaps the most important discoveries are those which relate to the appropriate distribution of the periods of study...Acts of revision should be spaced in gradually increasing intervals, roughly intervals of one day, two days, four days, eight days, and so on.

The forgetting curve hypothesizes the decline of memory retention in time. This curve shows how information is lost over time when there is no attempt to retain it.

From 1880 to 1885, Hermann Ebbinghaus ran a study about the memorisation of nonsense syllables, such as "WID" and "ZOF" by repeatedly testing himself after various time periods and recording the results. He plotted these results on a graph creating what is now known as the "forgetting curve".

Murre and Dros present a successful replication of Ebbinghaus’ classic forgetting curve from 1880 based on the method of savings. The forgetting curve has indeed been replicated and that it is not completely smooth but most probably shows a jump upwards starting at the 24 hour data point.

The speed of forgetting depends on a number of factors such as the difficulty of the learned material (e.g. how meaningful it is), its representation and physiological factors such as stress and sleep. Furthermore higher original learning also reduces forgetting. The rate differs little between individuals.

Spitzer tested 1939 the effects of a type of spaced repetition with over 3600 students who were learning science facts and showed that spaced repetition was effective.

Spaced practice is a feasible and cost-effective way to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of learning, and has tremendous potential to improve educational outcomes.

They've been talking about Pi, which I haven't seen, they've been comparing it to Usual Suspects, Sixth Sense, and Fight Club, and I didn't see that either.

Denzel, one of the biggest stars in the world, comes into town, everybody knows about it, and they're ready. They got lawn chairs outside, sitting outside the gates when we're coming on set to work. They're always bringing food from their house to come feed you.

The best episodes of 'The West Wing' that dealt with policy and stuff, in my opinion, were the ones where they were in the middle of a crisis, and they were trying to figure out how to solve problems.

I moved to Cardiff when I was 17 and never needed a car. When I came to L.A. for my first job there, I needed a car, so I had to pass my driving test.

I had this unusual mix of curiosity, the ability to write in ways people understood, and when I appeared, viewers seemed to trust me to get them through some cataclysmic changes.

The world may be full of fourth-rate writers but it's also full of fourth-rate readers.

I once paddled a canoe the length of the Mississippi River all the way from Itasca to New Orleans.

I was born in Hereford, England, in 1944. We moved when they had an opportunity to get a visa, about 1950. My dad always thought Europe was a bit too small for him. He wanted to see the United States... The typical immigrant story. He wanted a better life for his children, too. He always tried to get the visa, and it didn't come up.

Focus on the long term, and always do what's right to grow the company and not make short-term decisions. And outlast everyone one.

I got to know Australians well working on the 'Mad Max' franchise with director George Miller.

Surround yourself with great people delegate authority get out of the way.

I was on the abutment.

I'm a vegetarian - I think there's a strong possibility, had I not become a vegetarian, I would not be working now. I became a vegetarian about 25 years ago, and I did it out of concern for animals. But I immediately began having more energy and feeling better.

Fragrance is my favorite thing. So much so that if I leave the house and I don't put any on, I'll turn around and go back home.

I love the gallery, the arena of representation. It's a commercial world, and morality is based generally around economics, and that's taking place in the art gallery.

Whenever I climb I am followed by a dog called 'Ego'.

I think a British icon is someone who conducts themself with real dignity: someone who is truly talented and modest. These are things that I would aspire to in my career.

No history can be a faithful mirror. If it were, it would be as long and as dull as life itself. It must be a selection, and, being a selection, must inevitably be biased.

Good morning is not just a word. It's an action and a belief to live the entire day well. Morning is the time when you set the tone for the rest of the day.

It's been interesting. I went through a period where a lot of people would recognize me, and then when I had injures and my ranking dropped, not as many people did.

Challenge is the pathway to engagement and progress in our lives. But not all challenges are created equal. Some challenges make us feel alive, engaged, connected, and fulfilled. Others simply overwhelm us. Knowing the difference as you set bigger and bolder challenges for yourself is critical to your sanity, success, and satisfaction.

Do it now. It is not safe to leave a generous feeling to the cooling influences of the world.

It's really hard for me to sometimes put myself out there, like 'Hey, how do you feel about making music together?' because maybe I'm afraid of rejection or I don't want to put anybody out. It's the Southerner in me, like, 'I don't mean to bother you but do you mind making a song?'

Good scientists will fight the system rather than learn to work with the system.