The capacitors used by DRAM leak charge, and must be continually refreshed to maintain integrity, typically every few to a few hundred milliseconds, depending on the type of DRAM. Refreshing reads and writes the bits back to memory. SRAM does not require refreshing, and maintains integrity as long as power is supplied

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Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) is fast, expensive memory that uses small latches called “flip-flops” to store bits. Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM) stores bits in small capacitors (like small batteries), and is slower and cheaper than SRAM.

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Firmware stores small programs that do not change frequently, such as a computer’s BIOS (discussed below), or a router’s operating system and saved configuration. Various types of ROM chips may store firmware, including PROM, EPROM, and EEPROM.

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PROM (Programmable Read Only Memory) can be written to once, typically at the factory. EPROMs (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory) and EEPROMs (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory) may be “flashed,” or erased and written to multiple times.

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The term “flashing” derives from the use of EPROMs: flashing ultraviolet light on a small window on the chip erased the EPROM. The window was usually covered with foil to avoid accidental erasure due to exposure to light. EEPROMs are the modern type of ROM, electrically erasable via the use of flashing programs.

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A Programmable Logic Device (PLD) is a field-programmable device, which means it is programmed after it leaves the factory. EPROMs, EEPROMS, and Flash Memory are examples of PLDs.

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Flash Memory - Flash memory (such as USB thumb drives) is a specific type of EEPROM, used for small portable disk drives. The difference is any byte of an EEPROM may be written, while flash drives are written by (larger) sectors. This makes flash memory faster than EEPROMs, but still slower than magnetic disks.

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I can not think of any circumstances in which advertising would not be an evil.

Arnold J. Toynbee

How do you do something where you're able to be specific and edgy enough to compete with what the cable networks are doing and, at the same time, appeal to a broader audience? That's the line that everyone in network television is trying to tread.

Jason Katims

I'm not going to fight because I mean too much to our team, and I can't afford to be suspended for a game or do something stupid to get me kicked out of a playoff game.

LeBron James

But I it doesn't matter who scores the goals so long as we win.

Steven Gerrard

Nature engenders the science of painting.

Robert Delaunay

Americans don't care what your language is, your race is, whatever. Everyone is there to do their own thing and be successful. I wish people in Britain would be more positive.

Vinnie Jones

For any book, it's distilling all of the moments in the book that are either fan favorites or pivotal that you have to have in there, and how you tie that all up into a two hour movie is not the easiest job.

Dana Brunetti

Men do not understand books until they have a certain amount of life, or at any rate no man understands a deep book, until he has seen and lived at least part of its contents.

Ezra Pound

I always preferred my father's pasta the next day, when he'd put it in a hot oven with heaps of extra cheese. It would emerge slightly burned and very crisp on top.

Yotam Ottolenghi

It was in New York, and I've always wanted to film in New York. And the writer was a teenage friend of mine. We did youth theatre together when we were 16 and always had a dream of making a film together. And ten years later, we've done it. So it's great.

Rosamund Pike

I'm not an anarchist any longer, because I've concluded that anarchism is an impractical ideal.

Robert Anton Wilson

For individuals to become fully active in the Church, they generally must experience a spiritual conversion and a social integration.

Joseph B. Wirthlin

I definitely wasn't cool in high school. I really wasn't. I did belong to many of the clubs and was in leadership on yearbook and did the musical theater route, so I had friends in all areas. But I certainly did not know what to wear, did not know how to do my hair, all those things.

Dianna Agron

Until you value yourself, you won’t value your time. Until you value your time, you will not do anything with it.

M. Scott Peck

Australia is breathtakingly beautiful, and I can't wait to visit again.

Joe Nichols

An agnostic is a doubter. The word is generally applied to those who doubt the verity of accepted religious creeds of faiths.

Clarence Darrow

I wanted to be a soccer player. And then I wanted to be a rabbi.

Jake Epstein

I have a friend who lives in the South Side of Chicago. I helped out at a church charity there where they try to give a bit of cohesion to a desperate area. Everyone was very welcoming.

Sara Paretsky

Autographs and pictures do get a little old, but I don't mind if the people want it.

Dominique Moceanu

Republicans spend and borrow, Democrats tax and spend.

Stan Jones

I want to find someone who's really into something like I'm really into something, so that I can support them and we can both cheer each other on. I've got a lot of dreams I want to achieve, and I hope someone can cheer me on as I'll cheer them on in their dreams.

Hunter Hayes

Do what is right, not what you think the high headquarters wants or what you think will make you look good.

Norman Schwarzkopf

You cant change everything in one night but one night can change everything.

John Updike

Life is a force in its own right. It is a new element. And it has altered the Earth. It covers Earth like a skin.

Frans Lanting