Uniforms Uniforms are another way to pass data from our application on the CPU to the shaders on the GPU — 1. uniforms are global. Global, meaning that a uniform variable is unique per shader program object, and can be accessed from any shader at any stage in the shader program 2. uniforms will keep their values until they're either reset or updated

Tony Nemo

Shaders & GLSL

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Shaders are also very isolated programs in that they're not allowed to communicate with each other; the only communication they have is via their inputs and outputs.

Tony Nemo

Shaders always begin with a version declaration, followed by a list of input and output variables, uniforms and its main function. Each shader's entry point is at its main function where we process any input variables and output the results in its output variables

Tony Nemo

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Tony Nemo

GLSL types

Tony Nemo

GLSL Vector Container A vector in GLSL is a 1,2,3 or 4 component container for any of the basic types just mentioned. They can take the following form (n represents the number of components)

Tony Nemo

Components of a vector can be accessed via vec.xwhere x is the first component of the vector. You can use .x, .y, .z and .w to access their first, second, third and fourth component respectively. GLSL also allows you to use rgba for colors or stpq for texture coordinates, accessing the same components.

Tony Nemo

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The vector datatype allows for some interesting and flexible component selection called swizzling. Swizzling allows for the following syntax:

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We can also pass vectors as arguments to different vector constructor calls, reducing the number of arguments required:

Tony Nemo

ins and outs Shaders are nice little programs on their own, but they are part of a whole and for that reason we want to have inputs and outputs on the individual shaders so that we can move stuff around. GLSL defined the in and out keywords specifically for that purpose.

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ins and outs 2 Each shader can specify inputs and outputs using those keywords and wherever an output variable matches with an input variable of the next shader stage they're passed along. The vertex and fragment shader differ a bit though

Tony Nemo

If we want to send data from one shader to the other we'd have to declare an output in the sending shader and a similar input in the receiving shader. When the types and the names are equal on both sides OpenGL will link those variables together and then it is possible to send data between shaders

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To declare a uniform in GLSL we simply add the uniform keyword to a shader with a type and a name. From that point on we can use the newly declared uniform in the shader. Let's see if this time we can set the color of the triangle via a uniform

Tony Nemo

If you declare a uniform that isn't used anywhere in your GLSL code the compiler will silently remove the variable from the compiled version which is the cause for several frustrating errors; keep this in mind!

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