Экстрастриарная кора (показана жёлтым и оранжевым цветом), как предполагается, участвует в процессах фиксирования установки

В психологии фиксирование установки (эффект предшествования, прайминг) — это механизм имплицитной памяти, обеспечивающий неосознанное и непреднамеренное влияние однократного воздействия стимула, какого-либо вида, на реакцию на последующий стимул.

Например, слово МЕДСЕСТРА распознается быстрее после слова ДОКТОР, чем после слова ХЛЕБ.

Существуют перцептивный, семантический и концептуальный прайминг.

Исследования, однако, еще не установили с достаточной точностью продолжительность (день? неделю?) эффекта прайминга, но начало его действия может быть практически мгновенным.

Прайминг проявляется сильнее, когда два стимула имеют одну модальность. Например, визуальный прайминг сильнее всего проявляется при поступлении визуальных сигналов, а словесный прайминг - в случае словесных сигналов.

Однако прайминг также происходит между сигналами разной модальности, или между семантически связанными словами, такими как «доктор» и «медсестра».

Позитивное фиксирование установки ускоряет обработку воздействия стимула, негативное фиксирование установки замедляет (по сравнению с ситуацией отсутствия фиксирования установки) обработку воздействия стимула.

Зафиксированная установка является менее глубинным и общим явлением, чем психологическая установка — неосознанное психологическое состояние, внутреннее качество субъекта, базирующееся на его предшествующем опыте, предрасположенности к определённой активности в определённой ситуации.

Частным случаем прайминга является эффект привязки — особенность оценки числовых значений человеком, из-за которой она смещается в сторону ранее воспринятых чисел, даже если эти числа не имеют никакого отношения к оцениваемому значению.

По своим характеристикам объект памяти, реализующий фиксирование установки, является автоматически исполняемым объектом (процедурой) процедурной памяти.

The difference between friendship and love is how much you can hurt each other.

When I got to be a CEO, I said: 'Right. I'm now going to tackle gender inequality head-on. I'm going to make a difference and lead by example and actively put in place policies and practices to support women.'

If you interviewed 1,000 politicians and asked about whether the media's too soft or too hard, about 999 would say too hard.

I think a lot of times we're so told in our world that marriage is everything, and having a partner is everything. If you look at our movies and things, it's all directed around that love, and if you don't have that love, how sad you are.

As I get older I realize what qualities are important in love and what suits me. And what I won't settle for.

A man in my situation, my lords, has not only to encounter the difficulties of fortune. and the force of power over minds which it has corrupted or subjugated. but the difficulties of established prejudice: the man dies, but his memory lives.

Spiritual realization is to see clearly that what I perceive experience think or feel is ultimately not who I am that I cannot find myself in all those things that continually pass away.

It's not easy to play in a framework that requires simplicity and to tastefully find ways to interject the kind of freedom that we have in playing jazz.

So from an angry lawman's mouth, the Outlaw Motorcyclists were born.

If the union between England and America is a powerful factor in the cause of peace, a new Triple Alliance between the Teutonic race and the two branches of the Anglo-Saxon race will be a still more potent influence in the future of the world.

Our country, like every modern state, needs profound democratic reforms. It needs political and ideological pluralism, a mixed economy and protection of human rights and the opening up of society.

I kept on buying records and listening to them. Finally, I was able to hear the relationship between the jazz improvisers' solos and the underlying structure that it's based on, the chord progression. That was pretty easy to do in the swing era, y'know, when jazz was, like, pop music, you know. It had made the charts and everything like that.

When you go in to do a screen test, you negotiate your contract and sign all your paperwork before you even get on a plane.

I have always had a need for attention but didn't plan to be a comic.

Movies have been my way to get out of my backyard. I'm trying to let people know that movies change people's lives.

The intuitive recognition of the instant, thus reality… is the highest act of wisdom.

I don't have the panic I used to have, meeting people who are androgynous, but when you meet someone whose identity is unclear, that throws your own identity into flux because the way we treat each other is very gendered.

Past and Future are a duality of which Present is the reality. The now moment alone is eternal and real.

When people shake their heads because we are living in a restless age, ask them how they would like to live in a stationary one, and do without change.

That's what I always liked about science fiction - you can make the world end. Humour is my multiple warhead delivery system.

I would draw a really big distinction between competition, or potential competition, and a conflict of interest. A conflict of interest implies wrongdoing, whereas competition is really healthy.

Some argue that now isn't the time to push the green agenda - that all efforts should be on preventing a serious recession. That is a false choice. It fails to recognise that climate change and our carbon reliance is part of problem - high fuel prices and food shortages due to poor crop yields compound today's financial difficulties.

I've written several pilots that haven't gone, so that's why you haven't seen any.

A journal should be neither an echo nor a pander.