Im neutralen Milieu ist die Konzentration der Oxonium-Ionen (H3O+) genauso groß wie die der Hydroxid-Ionen (OH-). In sauren Lösungen ist die Option Oxonium-Ionen-Konzentration größer, in alkalischen kleiner als die der Hydroxid-Ionen-Konzentration.

Nach Brönsted gehen bei einer Säure-Base-Reaktion immer Protonen (H+) von einer Säure- zu einem Base-Molekül über.

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Somit sind Säuren Protonendonatoren und Basen Protonenakzeptoren.

Gibt eine Säure ihr Proton ab, entsteht aus ihr die korrespondierende Base, nimmt eine Base ein Proton auf, entsteht aus ihr die korrespondierende Säure.

Moleküle die sowohl als Säure als auch als Base reagieren können, nennt man Ampholyte. Zu ihnen zählen z.B. Wasser und Ammoniak.

Reagiert eine Säure mit einer Base so neutralisieren sich die beiden Moleküle. Es entsteht ein Salz und MEIST auch Wasser.

Die Neutralisation verläuft exotherm, die freiwerdende Energie nennt man neutralisations Energie.

Säure + Base --> Salz + Wasser + Energie

Um messen zu können, ob eine Lösung sauer, alkalisch oder neutral reagiert, berechnet man den pH-Wert.

Der pH-Wert ist laut Definition der negative dekadische Logarithmus des Zahlenwertes der Oxonium-Ionen-Konzentration. Der pOH-Wert ist laut Definition der negative dekadische Logarithmus des Zahlenwertes der Hydroxid-Ionen-Konzentration. pH und pOH-Wert ergeben in der Summe immer 14. pH = -lg c(H3O+)

Auf einer Skala von 0 bis 14 bedeutet ein pH-Wert von 7 neutral, ein pH-Wert kleiner 7 sauer und größer 7 alkalisch.

Salzsäure ist eine wässrige Lösung von HCl; Natronlauge bzw. Kalilauge sind wässrige Lösungen von NaOH bzw. KOH; Kalkwasser bzw. Barytwasser sind wässrige Lösungen von Ca(OH)2 bzw. Na(OH)2.

At the end excitement maintained its hysteria.

There are interesting forms of difficulty, and there are unprofitable forms of difficulty. I mean, I enjoy some difficult poetry, but some of it is impenetrable and I actually wouldn't want to penetrate it if I could, perhaps.

If one has faith, one has everything.

I remember little of the Yukon or what I wrote there.

I don't think Obama's a socialist or evil, I just think he's wrong and I disagree with him, he's a leftist, that's what they are in France and in Great Britain and in Canada.

I would never kill somebody, unless they pissed me off.

You have to continue to hone your craft.

The human mind in taking us down the path of technocracy has become the adversary of life itself and collaterally the adversary of the human soul.

You can't really compare any TV show to a show written by Aaron Sorkin.

I really believe in the environmental movement right now - it only takes a little effort to make a big difference.

I started once a week in North Carolina at a pub called Charlie Goodnight and met a lot of comics there. Then I moved to L.A., and if you're not known, it's hard to get stage time. So you start out doing what they call 'bringers' - you have to bring five people if you wanna get on stage. It was a lot of hustle, a learning curve.

Kind words are a creative force a power that concurs in the building up of all that is good and energy that showers blessings upon the world.

I can find my way from 500 A.D. through to 1066 pretty well as an amateur historian.

Think ahead. Don't let day-to-day operations drive out planning.

A vile and overbearing temper becomes sometimes, in one long accustomed to the exercise of power, unendurable to those who are subject to its humors.

Holiness as taught in the Scriptures is not based upon knowledge on our part. Rather it is based upon the resurrected Christ in dwelling us and changing us into His likeness.

Celebrity is okay as long as you know it's not about you.

I put on the best live show, the absolute best live show I can possibly can.

Our bodies are truly the result of what we eat, what we think about, and the exercise we receive. If we are not wise, these little things can soon cause major health problems that will limit our success and ability to serve.

I love living with animals. And my children love animals. I love walking around and being with the horses. But the deer? They're naughty.

The reality is that politicians, in terms of the amount of power they wield and the amount that they work, don't actually make that much money.

The surrealists, and the modern movement in painting as a whole, seemed to offer a key to the strange postwar world with its threat of nuclear war. The dislocations and ambiguities, in cubism and abstract art as well as the surrealists, reminded me of my childhood in Shanghai.

Hinduism loses its right to make a universal appeal if it closes its temples to Harijans.

We certainly could have voted on making the middle-class tax cuts and tax cuts for working families permanent had the Republicans not insisted that the only way they would support those tax breaks is if we also added $700 billion to the deficit to give tax breaks to the wealthiest 2 percent of Americans. That's what was really disturbing.