Moleküle die sowohl als Säure als auch als Base reagieren können, nennt man Ampholyte. Zu ihnen zählen z.B. Wasser und Ammoniak.

Nach Brönsted gehen bei einer Säure-Base-Reaktion immer Protonen (H+) von einer Säure- zu einem Base-Molekül über.

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Somit sind Säuren Protonendonatoren und Basen Protonenakzeptoren.

Gibt eine Säure ihr Proton ab, entsteht aus ihr die korrespondierende Base, nimmt eine Base ein Proton auf, entsteht aus ihr die korrespondierende Säure.

Reagiert eine Säure mit einer Base so neutralisieren sich die beiden Moleküle. Es entsteht ein Salz und MEIST auch Wasser.

Die Neutralisation verläuft exotherm, die freiwerdende Energie nennt man neutralisations Energie.

Säure + Base --> Salz + Wasser + Energie

Um messen zu können, ob eine Lösung sauer, alkalisch oder neutral reagiert, berechnet man den pH-Wert.

Im neutralen Milieu ist die Konzentration der Oxonium-Ionen (H3O+) genauso groß wie die der Hydroxid-Ionen (OH-). In sauren Lösungen ist die Option Oxonium-Ionen-Konzentration größer, in alkalischen kleiner als die der Hydroxid-Ionen-Konzentration.

Der pH-Wert ist laut Definition der negative dekadische Logarithmus des Zahlenwertes der Oxonium-Ionen-Konzentration. Der pOH-Wert ist laut Definition der negative dekadische Logarithmus des Zahlenwertes der Hydroxid-Ionen-Konzentration. pH und pOH-Wert ergeben in der Summe immer 14. pH = -lg c(H3O+)

Auf einer Skala von 0 bis 14 bedeutet ein pH-Wert von 7 neutral, ein pH-Wert kleiner 7 sauer und größer 7 alkalisch.

Salzsäure ist eine wässrige Lösung von HCl; Natronlauge bzw. Kalilauge sind wässrige Lösungen von NaOH bzw. KOH; Kalkwasser bzw. Barytwasser sind wässrige Lösungen von Ca(OH)2 bzw. Na(OH)2.

I wrote songs all my life, where anyone wanted to hear them or not.

I had this odd sibling rivalry with America.

I grew up to have my father's looks--my father's speech patterns--my father's posture--my father's walk--my father's opinions and my mother's contempt for my father.

I don't think Hollywood per se is supposed to be taken seriously, otherwise, dear Lord, that would be frightening.

There's just a natural instinct to want to be great, I think.

I would like to find a way in which people in Saudi Arabia could learn that they can be something other than a Muslim. Some people may not realize this. Of course, there is the problem that you can get in trouble or get stoned.

I kind of fell backwards into acting. I was studying to be a high school teacher. I look now and I understand completely, or actually barely, how much work it is to be a teacher. It's an incredible amount of work.

Ninety-nine percent of the music that was of any interest to me when I was growing up came out of the black community.

We incarcerate more African-American men today than were slaves in 1850.

If we have the opportunity to be generous with our hearts we have no idea of the depth and breadth of loves reach.

There is no death, only a change of worlds.

Our bodies will be recycled one way or another, but what about our ideas and minds and characters? Primordial soup? The bourne from which no traveller returns? Interesting and exciting.

After all, all knowledge simply means self knowledge.

I'm spoiled. All of my adult jobs have left me with complete freedom to come up with what I wanted.

Find three hobbies you love One to make you money one to keep you in shape and one to be creative.

I don't come from a position that I am better than everybody; I come from a position that I had a tough upbringing. And I don't always highlight it, because I just never wanted to be that person with another rags to riches story.

Around 20. I'd been trying to transition from the streets to the music business, but I would make demos and then quit for six months. And I started to realize that I couldn't be successful until I let the street life go.

There's very little substitute in the business world for making money.

The worst mistake you can make is underrating your enemy. Assuming that they're evil - I think it's a terrible thing to do.

I do, too, most recently while I was singing karaoke in some weird bar.

Fascism recognises the real needs which gave rise to socialism and trade unionism giving them due weight in the guild or corporative system in which diverent interests are coordinated and harmonised in the unity of the State.

Client companies and advertising agencies are old-world-order places. The systems and processes and structures come from a time when you shot the TV commercial, then you did the print ads, then you did everything else - including the website. Everything has changed, but the systems haven't.

It's appropriate to have magic in a love story, because magic is a sort of metaphor for what love feels like? When we fall in love, the world feels magical to us. It becomes an enchanted place.

At some point the rhetoric runs out, and we have to ask ourselves, 'Are we simply going to standby while somebody's rhetoric is good, but their actions are so lousy?' Are we going to stand up for that?