Salzsäure ist eine wässrige Lösung von HCl; Natronlauge bzw. Kalilauge sind wässrige Lösungen von NaOH bzw. KOH; Kalkwasser bzw. Barytwasser sind wässrige Lösungen von Ca(OH)2 bzw. Na(OH)2.

Nach Brönsted gehen bei einer Säure-Base-Reaktion immer Protonen (H+) von einer Säure- zu einem Base-Molekül über.

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Somit sind Säuren Protonendonatoren und Basen Protonenakzeptoren.

Gibt eine Säure ihr Proton ab, entsteht aus ihr die korrespondierende Base, nimmt eine Base ein Proton auf, entsteht aus ihr die korrespondierende Säure.

Moleküle die sowohl als Säure als auch als Base reagieren können, nennt man Ampholyte. Zu ihnen zählen z.B. Wasser und Ammoniak.

Reagiert eine Säure mit einer Base so neutralisieren sich die beiden Moleküle. Es entsteht ein Salz und MEIST auch Wasser.

Die Neutralisation verläuft exotherm, die freiwerdende Energie nennt man neutralisations Energie.

Säure + Base --> Salz + Wasser + Energie

Um messen zu können, ob eine Lösung sauer, alkalisch oder neutral reagiert, berechnet man den pH-Wert.

Im neutralen Milieu ist die Konzentration der Oxonium-Ionen (H3O+) genauso groß wie die der Hydroxid-Ionen (OH-). In sauren Lösungen ist die Option Oxonium-Ionen-Konzentration größer, in alkalischen kleiner als die der Hydroxid-Ionen-Konzentration.

Der pH-Wert ist laut Definition der negative dekadische Logarithmus des Zahlenwertes der Oxonium-Ionen-Konzentration. Der pOH-Wert ist laut Definition der negative dekadische Logarithmus des Zahlenwertes der Hydroxid-Ionen-Konzentration. pH und pOH-Wert ergeben in der Summe immer 14. pH = -lg c(H3O+)

Auf einer Skala von 0 bis 14 bedeutet ein pH-Wert von 7 neutral, ein pH-Wert kleiner 7 sauer und größer 7 alkalisch.

Comics brought me to the dance. It'll always be my first loyalty.

There is no real way to prepare yourself for having a child other than just getting thrown in the deep end pretty quick.

Variety is the soul of pleasure.

The art which is grand and yet simple is that which presupposes the greatest elevation both in artist and in public.

I was definitely different from the other kids... I was more ambitious. I knew what I liked and what I wanted, and I worked really hard. I was a very serious kid.

I think we need to educate our doctors about addiction.

What we now call the browser is whatever defines the web. What fits in the browser is the World Wide Web and a number of trivial standards to handle that so that the content comes.

In my experience, in bringing coercive diplomacy to bear against Slobodan Milosevic, no bomb strike was more important than maintaining NATO's cohesion.

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To enjoy the glow of good health, you must exercise.

Ambition drove many men to become false; to have one thought locked in the breast, another ready on the tongue.

Solitude produces originality, bold and astonishing beauty, poetry. But solitude also produces perverseness, the disproportianate, the absurd and the forbidden.

I get bored with the same old film coming out every weekend. It feels like it's the same story all the time, and the same visuals, and the characters' dilemmas are remarkably similar.

Thatcher was wrong. People don't exist - well, they don't flourish - as individuals. Life's about swapping ideas and communicating with other people.

I ran because somebody had to do it first. In this country, everybody is supposed to be able to run for president, but that has never really been true.

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We rarely repent of speaking little, but often of speaking too much.

I just want to complete my legacy.

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I don't care about Hollywood films. I'm not against Hollywood films, you know? Hollywood films were very good before, in the 1950s.

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I was raised on pop music. Anything classical ran together in a complicated blur.